National Parliament Composition
National Poll Average
This poll average is the result of a smoothing cubic spline fitted to our dataset of all national polls collected in the Netherlands. You can access the complete database of polls at https://europeelects.eu/data/
Government
| Head of State (Monarch) | Willem-Alexander (*) |
| Head of Government (PM) | Dick Schoof (*) |
| Parties in Government | Party for Freedom (PVV-PfE) People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD-RE) New Social Contract (NSC-EPP) Farmer–Citizen Movement (BBB-EPP) |
Parties
Partij voor de Vrijheid (PVV)
Party for Freedom
Leader: Geert Wilders
Orientation: Right-wing (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: PfE (PfE, Patriots.eu, EC/DA, NI Benelux)
EU Stance: Strongly opposed to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2006-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie (VVD)
People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy
Leader: Dilan Yesilgöz
Orientation: Liberal (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: RE (RE, ALDE Party, LI, ALDE-PACE, LG-Benelux)
EU Stance: Somewhat in favour of EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1948-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Nieuw Sociaal Contract (NSC)
New Social Contract
Leader: Pieter Omtzigt
Orientation: Centre-right
EP Affiliation: EPP (EPP-EP, EPP-PACE)
EU stance: Neutral towards EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2023-…
Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA)
Labour Party
Leader: Attje Kuiken
Orientation: Centre-left (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: S&D (S&D, PES, PA, SOC, SGD Benelux)
EU Stance: In favour of EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1946-…
Note: The party will run as part of the GroenLinks–PvdA joint list in the 2023 national parliament election.
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
GroenLinks (GL)
GreenLeft
Leader: Jesse Klaver
Orientation: Green politics (Poguntke et al., 2020), Centre-left
EP Affiliation: Greens/EFA (Greens/EFA, EGP, GG, SOC, SGD Benelux)
EU Stance: In favour of EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1989-…
Note: The party will run as part of the GroenLinks–PvdA joint list in the 2023 national parliament election.
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Democraten 66 (D66)
Democrats 66
Leader: Rob Jetten
Orientation: Liberal (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: RE (RE, ALDE Party, LI, ALDE-PACE, LG-Benelux)
EU Stance: Strongly in favour of EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1966-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
BoerBurgerBeweging (BBB)
Farmer–Citizen Movement
Leader: Caroline van der Plas
Orientation: Agrarian
EP Affiliation: EPP (EPP-EP, EPP-PACE, NI Benelux)
EU Stance: Somewhat opposed to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2019-…
Christen-Democratisch Appèl (CDA)
Christian Democratic Appeal
Leader: Henri Bontenbal
Orientation: Centre-right (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: EPP (EPP-EP, EPP Party, CDI, EPP-PACE, CF-Benelux)
EU Stance: Somewhat in favour of EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1980-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Socialistische Partij (SP)
Socialist Party
Leader: Jimmy Dijk
Orientation: Left-wing (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: ~LEFT (history with LEFT, SGD Benelux)
EU Stance: Somewhat opposed to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1971-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
DENK (DENK)
Think
Leader: Stephan van Baarle
Orientation: Left-wing
EP Affiliation: *
EU Stance: Neutral towards EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2015-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Partij voor de Dieren (PvdD)
Party for the Animals
Leader: Esther Ouwehand
Orientation: Animal rights, left-wing, Green politics
EP Affiliation: LEFT (LEFT, Animal Politics EU, PftAIM; NI Benelux)
EU Stance: Somewhat opposed to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2002-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Forum voor Democratie (FvD)
Forum for Democracy
Leader: Thierry Baudet
Orientation: Far-right (Rooduijn et al., 2023)
EP Affiliation: ESN (ESN Party, history with NI)
EU Stance: Strongly opposed to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2016-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij (SGP)
Reformed Political Party
Leader: Chris Stoffer
Orientation: Christian fundamentalist
EP Affiliation: ECR (ECR-EP, ECPM)
EU Stance: Somewhat opposed to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 1918-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
ChristenUnie (CU)
Christian Union
Leader: Mirjam Bikker
Orientation: Centre-right (Poguntke et al., 2020)
EP Affiliation: EPP (EPP-EP, ECPM, CF-Benelux)
EU Stance: Somewhat in favour to EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2000-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Volt Nederland (Volt)
Volt Netherlands
Leader: Laurens Dassen
Orientation: Eurofederalism, social liberalism
EP Affiliation: Greens/EFA (Volt)
EU Stance: Strongly in favour of EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2018-…
Juiste Antwoord 21 (JA21)
Correct Answer 21
Leader: Joost Eerdmans and Annabel Nanninga
Orientation: Conservative
EP Affiliation: ~ ECR (history with ECR-EP)
EU Stance: Strongly opposed to EU integration
Years active: 2020-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
Belang van Nederland (BVNL)
Interest of the Netherlands
Leader: Wybrand van Haga
Orientation: Right-wing
EP Affiliation: *
EU Stance: strongly opposed to EU integration
Years active: 2021-…
50PLUS (50+)
Over 50
Leader: Martin van Rooijen
Orientation: Centre-right
EP Affiliation: RE (EDP; history with EPP-EP)
EU Stance: Neutral towards EU integration (Chapel Hill data)
Years active: 2009-…
Watch here our video from 2021 about the party.
BIJ1 (BIJ1)
Together
Leader: Edson Olf
Orientation: Left-wing
EP Affiliation: *
EU Stance: In favour of EU integration
Years active: 2016-…
Meer Directe Democratie (MDD)
More Direct Democracy
Leader: Dorien Rookmaker
Orientation: National-conservative
EP Affiliation: ~ ECR (history with ECR, EAFD)
EU Stance: Somewhat opposed to EU integration
Years active: 2021-… (European Parliament)